1 00:00:08,539 --> 00:00:13,708 sometimes people say to me you've been 2 00:00:11,730 --> 00:00:16,019 talking about this for 40 years have 3 00:00:13,708 --> 00:00:18,000 things gotten any better and actually I 4 00:00:16,019 --> 00:00:20,519 have to say really they've gotten worse 5 00:00:18,000 --> 00:00:22,769 ad sell more than products they sell 6 00:00:20,519 --> 00:00:25,289 values they sell images they sell 7 00:00:22,769 --> 00:00:27,960 concepts of love and sexuality of 8 00:00:25,289 --> 00:00:30,480 success and perhaps most important of 9 00:00:27,960 --> 00:00:33,480 normalcy to a great extent they tell us 10 00:00:30,480 --> 00:00:34,920 who we are and who we should be well 11 00:00:33,479 --> 00:00:37,319 what does advertising tell us about 12 00:00:34,920 --> 00:00:39,630 women it tells us as it always has that 13 00:00:37,320 --> 00:00:41,310 what's most important is how we look so 14 00:00:39,630 --> 00:00:42,870 the first thing the advertisers do is 15 00:00:41,310 --> 00:00:45,300 surround us with the image of ideal 16 00:00:42,869 --> 00:00:47,578 female beauty women learn from a very 17 00:00:45,299 --> 00:00:49,949 early age that we must spend enormous 18 00:00:47,579 --> 00:00:52,410 amounts of time energy and above all 19 00:00:49,950 --> 00:00:55,469 money striving to achieve this look and 20 00:00:52,409 --> 00:00:58,169 feeling ashamed and guilty when we fail 21 00:00:55,469 --> 00:01:00,719 and failure is inevitable because the 22 00:00:58,170 --> 00:01:03,329 ideal is based on absolute flawlessness 23 00:01:00,719 --> 00:01:05,399 she never has any lines or wrinkles 24 00:01:03,329 --> 00:01:09,210 she certainly has no scars or blemishes 25 00:01:05,399 --> 00:01:11,189 indeed she has no pores and the most 26 00:01:09,209 --> 00:01:13,468 important aspect of this flawlessness is 27 00:01:11,188 --> 00:01:16,019 that it cannot be achieved no one looks 28 00:01:13,468 --> 00:01:18,089 like this including her and this is the 29 00:01:16,019 --> 00:01:20,188 truth no one looks like this the 30 00:01:18,090 --> 00:01:23,219 supermodel Cindy Crawford once said I 31 00:01:20,188 --> 00:01:24,868 wish I looked like Cindy Crawford she 32 00:01:23,218 --> 00:01:26,368 doesn't she couldn't because this is a 33 00:01:24,868 --> 00:01:28,468 look that's been created for years 34 00:01:26,368 --> 00:01:30,388 through airbrushing and cosmetics but 35 00:01:28,468 --> 00:01:32,908 these days it's done through the magic 36 00:01:30,388 --> 00:01:37,228 of computer retouching Keira Knightley 37 00:01:32,909 --> 00:01:42,029 is given a bigger bust Jessica Alba is 38 00:01:37,228 --> 00:01:43,319 made smaller Kelly Clarkson well this is 39 00:01:42,028 --> 00:01:45,478 an interesting it says slim down your 40 00:01:43,319 --> 00:01:48,689 way but she in fact slimmed down the 41 00:01:45,478 --> 00:01:50,158 Photoshop away you almost never see a 42 00:01:48,688 --> 00:01:52,938 photograph of a woman considered 43 00:01:50,159 --> 00:01:55,799 beautiful that hasn't been photoshopped 44 00:01:52,938 --> 00:01:57,718 we all grow up in a culture in which 45 00:01:55,799 --> 00:01:59,759 women's bodies are constantly turned 46 00:01:57,718 --> 00:02:02,038 into things into objects here she's 47 00:01:59,759 --> 00:02:03,659 become the bottle of Michelob in this 48 00:02:02,039 --> 00:02:07,289 edge she becomes part of a video game 49 00:02:03,659 --> 00:02:09,269 and this is everywhere in all kinds of 50 00:02:07,289 --> 00:02:11,729 advertising women's bodies turned into 51 00:02:09,269 --> 00:02:14,188 things into objects now of course this 52 00:02:11,729 --> 00:02:14,519 affects female self-esteem it also does 53 00:02:14,188 --> 00:02:16,739 some 54 00:02:14,520 --> 00:02:19,140 even more insidious it creates a climate 55 00:02:16,740 --> 00:02:21,450 in which there's widespread violence 56 00:02:19,139 --> 00:02:23,309 against women I'm not at all saying that 57 00:02:21,449 --> 00:02:25,679 an ad like this directly causes violence 58 00:02:23,310 --> 00:02:28,409 it's not that simple but turning a human 59 00:02:25,680 --> 00:02:30,510 being into a thing is almost always the 60 00:02:28,409 --> 00:02:32,729 first step toward justifying violence 61 00:02:30,509 --> 00:02:35,280 against that person we see this with 62 00:02:32,729 --> 00:02:36,959 racism we see it with homophobia we say 63 00:02:35,280 --> 00:02:39,180 it with terrorism it's always the same 64 00:02:36,960 --> 00:02:41,400 process the person is dehumanized and 65 00:02:39,180 --> 00:02:43,890 violence then becomes inevitable and 66 00:02:41,400 --> 00:02:46,200 that step is already and constantly 67 00:02:43,889 --> 00:02:48,750 taken with women women's bodies are 68 00:02:46,199 --> 00:02:50,729 dismembered in ads hacked apart just one 69 00:02:48,750 --> 00:02:52,590 part of the body is focused upon which 70 00:02:50,729 --> 00:02:55,169 of course is the most a humanizing thing 71 00:02:52,590 --> 00:02:57,750 you could do to someone everywhere we 72 00:02:55,169 --> 00:03:00,929 look women's bodies turned into things 73 00:02:57,750 --> 00:03:02,520 and often just parts of things and girls 74 00:03:00,930 --> 00:03:05,250 are getting the message these days so 75 00:03:02,520 --> 00:03:08,700 young that they need to be impossibly 76 00:03:05,250 --> 00:03:10,349 beautiful hot sexy extremely thin and 77 00:03:08,699 --> 00:03:11,849 they also get the message that they're 78 00:03:10,349 --> 00:03:13,979 going to fail that there's no way to 79 00:03:11,849 --> 00:03:15,599 really achieve it girls tend to feel 80 00:03:13,979 --> 00:03:17,369 fine about themselves when they're 8 9 81 00:03:15,599 --> 00:03:19,620 10 years old but they hit adolescence 82 00:03:17,370 --> 00:03:21,569 and they hit a wall and certainly part 83 00:03:19,620 --> 00:03:24,209 of this wall is this terrible emphasis 84 00:03:21,569 --> 00:03:27,120 on physical perfection so no wonder we 85 00:03:24,209 --> 00:03:28,740 have an epidemic of eating disorders in 86 00:03:27,120 --> 00:03:30,689 our country and increasingly throughout 87 00:03:28,740 --> 00:03:31,590 the world I've been talking about this 88 00:03:30,689 --> 00:03:33,180 for a very long time 89 00:03:31,590 --> 00:03:35,400 and I keep thinking that the models 90 00:03:33,180 --> 00:03:39,540 can't get any thinner but they do they 91 00:03:35,400 --> 00:03:42,000 get thinner and thinner and thinner this 92 00:03:39,539 --> 00:03:45,000 is Ana Karolina Reston who died a year 93 00:03:42,000 --> 00:03:48,000 ago of anorexia weighing 88 pounds and 94 00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:50,069 at the time she was still modeling so 95 00:03:48,000 --> 00:03:53,069 the models literally cannot get any 96 00:03:50,069 --> 00:03:55,769 thinner so Photoshop is brought to the 97 00:03:53,069 --> 00:03:57,780 rescue there are exceptions however Kate 98 00:03:55,770 --> 00:03:59,730 Winslet has been outspoken about her 99 00:03:57,780 --> 00:04:02,370 refusal to allow Hollywood to dictate 100 00:03:59,729 --> 00:04:05,009 her weight when British GQ magazine 101 00:04:02,370 --> 00:04:06,750 published this photograph of Winslet 102 00:04:05,009 --> 00:04:08,879 which was digitally enhanced to make her 103 00:04:06,750 --> 00:04:10,830 look dramatically thinner she issued a 104 00:04:08,879 --> 00:04:12,150 statement that the alterations were made 105 00:04:10,830 --> 00:04:14,790 without her consent 106 00:04:12,150 --> 00:04:17,040 and she said I don't look like that and 107 00:04:14,789 --> 00:04:18,988 more importantly I don't desire to look 108 00:04:17,040 --> 00:04:20,879 like that I can tell you that they've 109 00:04:18,988 --> 00:04:21,829 reduced the size of my legs by about a 110 00:04:20,879 --> 00:04:24,129 third 111 00:04:21,829 --> 00:04:27,109 bless her heart 112 00:04:24,129 --> 00:04:29,300 so what can we do about all of this well 113 00:04:27,110 --> 00:04:31,669 the first step is to become aware to pay 114 00:04:29,300 --> 00:04:33,918 attention and to recognize that this 115 00:04:31,668 --> 00:04:35,990 affects all of us these are public 116 00:04:33,918 --> 00:04:38,389 health problems that I'm talking about 117 00:04:35,990 --> 00:04:40,310 the obsession with thinness is a public 118 00:04:38,389 --> 00:04:42,620 health problem the tyranny of the ideal 119 00:04:40,310 --> 00:04:44,449 image of beauty violence against women 120 00:04:42,620 --> 00:04:46,280 these are all public health problems 121 00:04:44,449 --> 00:04:48,680 that affect us all and public health 122 00:04:46,279 --> 00:04:51,429 problems can only be solved by changing 123 00:04:48,680 --> 00:04:51,430 the environment